@charset "UTF-8";
/* ================ reset.scss ================================================================ */
/* derived from */
/* http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/ */
/* v1.0 | 20080212 */
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300italic,400italic,300,400,600,700,800);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Inconsolata:400,700);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lora:400,400i,700,700i);
html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe,
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre,
a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code,
del, dfn, em, font, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp,
small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var,
b, u, i, center,
dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li,
fieldset, form, label, legend,
table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  outline: 0;
  font-size: 100%;
  vertical-align: baseline;
  background: transparent; }

body {
  line-height: 1; }

ol, ul {
  list-style: none; }

blockquote, q {
  quotes: none; }

blockquote:before, blockquote:after,
q:before, q:after {
  content: '';
  content: none; }

/* remember to define focus styles! */
:focus {
  outline: 0; }

/* remember to highlight inserts somehow! */
ins {
  text-decoration: none; }

del {
  text-decoration: line-through; }

/* tables still need 'cellspacing="0"' in the markup */
table {
  border-collapse: collapse;
  border-spacing: 0; }

div.clear {
  clear: both; }

/* ................ */
/*
tw-grey is hsl(145, 5%, 52%)
*/
@font-face {
  font-family: 'Marydale';
  src: url("/fonts/marydale/marydale-webfont.eot");
  src: url("/fonts/marydale/marydale-webfont.eot?#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"), url("/fonts/marydale/marydale-webfont.woff") format("woff"), url("/fonts/marydale/marydale-webfont.ttf") format("truetype"), url("/fonts/marydale/marydale-webfont.svg#marydaleregular") format("svg");
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal; }

@font-face {
  font-family: 'FontAwesome';
  src: url("https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.0/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.eot");
  src: url("https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.0/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.eot?#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"), url("https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.0/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff") format("woff"), url("https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.0/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.ttf") format("truetype"), url("https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.0/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.svgfontawesomeregular") format("svg");
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal; }

.icon-twitter:before {
  content: "";
  font-family: FontAwesome;
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal;
  text-decoration: inherit;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }

.icon-rss:before {
  content: "";
  font-family: FontAwesome;
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal;
  text-decoration: inherit;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }

.icon-bars:before {
  content: "";
  font-family: FontAwesome;
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal;
  text-decoration: inherit;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }

.icon-help:before {
  content: "";
  font-family: FontAwesome;
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal;
  text-decoration: inherit;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }

.icon-close:before, .navmenu .close:before {
  content: "⨉"; }

.icon-tag:before {
  content: "";
  font-family: FontAwesome;
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal;
  text-decoration: inherit;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }

table.dark-head {
  font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif;
  border: solid thin #070D4A; }
  table.dark-head tbody {
    font-size: 80%; }
  table.dark-head td {
    vertical-align: middle;
    padding: 5px 2em; }
  table.dark-head th {
    background-color: #070D4A;
    color: white;
    padding: 1em 1.6em;
    text-align: left; }
  table.dark-head tr:nth-child(even) {
    background-color: #F7F8FE; }

table.borders {
  background-color: #F7F8FE;
  font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif;
  font-size: 90%;
  padding: 0.5em 1em;
  border: 2px solid #0f1872; }
  table.borders th, table.borders td {
    padding: 0.5em;
    border: thin solid #cad0f8; }
  table.borders th {
    border-bottom: 2px solid #0f1872; }

/* ==== global ================================ */
main .photo, main .photo-right, main div.fullPhoto, main .figure {
  font-size: 80%;
  font-style: italic;
  max-width: 100%; }
  main .photo p.credit, main .photo-right p.credit, main div.fullPhoto p.credit, main .figure p.credit {
    color: #808080;
    font-size: 80%;
    text-align: right; }
  main .photo p.photoCaption, main .photo-right p.photoCaption, main div.fullPhoto p.photoCaption, main .figure p.photoCaption {
    min-height: 1em; }

main div.fullPhoto, main .figure {
  float: none;
  margin: 1em 0; }

main .photo-right {
  float: right;
  margin: 1em -250px 1em 1em; }

main img {
  max-width: 100%; }

main img.full-size {
  max-width: none; }

main .article-card {
  font-size: 80%; }
  @media (max-width: 599px) {
    main .article-card {
      font-size: 19px; } }
  main .article-card h3 {
    font-size: 130%;
    font-weight: bold; }
    main .article-card h3 a {
      border: none; }
      main .article-card h3 a:hover {
        text-decoration: underline; }
  main .article-card summary h3 {
    display: inline; }
  main .article-card:before {
    display: block;
    background-color: #070D4A;
    height: 3px;
    border-right: 3px solid #ef5ba1;
    content: ""; }
  main .article-card .meta {
    font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
    grid-template-areas: "cr tp" "cr ln" "cr dt" "mo mo" "tg tg"; }
    main .article-card .meta p {
      margin: 0; }
  main .article-card .credits {
    grid-area: cr;
    font-weight: bold; }
  main .article-card .date {
    grid-area: dt;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #A9A7A7;
    font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif; }
  main .article-card .type {
    grid-area: tp;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #A9A7A7;
    font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif;
    text-transform: uppercase; }
  main .article-card .length {
    grid-area: ln;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #A9A7A7;
    font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif; }
  main .article-card a.more {
    font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #ef5ba1;
    border: none; }
    main .article-card a.more:hover {
      text-decoration: underline; }
  main .article-card p.more {
    margin: 1em 0;
    grid-area: mo;
    font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #ef5ba1; }
    main .article-card p.more a {
      border: none; }
      main .article-card p.more a:hover {
        text-decoration: underline; }
    main .article-card p.more a:hover {
      color: #ef5ba1; }
  main .article-card .tags {
    grid-area: tg; }
    main .article-card .tags a {
      border: none; }
      main .article-card .tags a:hover {
        text-decoration: underline; }
  main .article-card .picture
p {
    font-style: italic; }
  main .article-card .book-cover {
    max-height: 250px; }

html {
  box-sizing: border-box; }

*, *:before, *:after {
  box-sizing: inherit; }

body {
  font-size: 16px; }

main {
  line-height: 1.5;
  font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif; }

.error {
  background-color: rgba(253, 147, 151, 0.34); }

.todo {
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 0, 0.3); }

.draft-notice {
  border: thin solid red;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  margin: 1em 10%;
  padding: 0.5em;
  text-align: center; }
  .draft-notice h1 {
    font-size: 120%;
    color: black; }
  .draft-notice p {
    color: red; }

.clickable, a.permalink, a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  cursor: pointer; }

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none; }

a:hover {
  color: #3546E5; }

a.button {
  color: white;
  background: #9ca9f3;
  font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif;
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 14px;
  padding: 5px;
  border-radius: 5px;
  margin: 2px;
  white-space: nowrap;
  cursor: pointer;
  border: none;
  vertical-align: middle; }
  a.button:hover {
    background: #6f81ed; }

a.permalink {
  color: #3546E5;
  border: none !important;
  text-decoration: none !important; }
  a.permalink:before {
    content: "#"; }

.tag-link {
  color: #3546E5;
  text-transform: uppercase; }
  .tag-link:before {
    content: " ";
    font-family: FontAwesome;
    font-weight: normal;
    font-style: normal;
    text-decoration: inherit;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }

/* ................................................................ */
@font-face {
  font-family: 'FontAwesome';
  src: url("https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.0/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.eot");
  src: url("https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.0/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.eot?#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"), url("https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.0/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff") format("woff"), url("https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.0/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.ttf") format("truetype"), url("https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.0/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.svgfontawesomeregular") format("svg");
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal; }

.icon-twitter:before {
  content: "";
  font-family: FontAwesome;
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal;
  text-decoration: inherit;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }

.icon-rss:before {
  content: "";
  font-family: FontAwesome;
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal;
  text-decoration: inherit;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }

.icon-bars:before {
  content: "";
  font-family: FontAwesome;
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal;
  text-decoration: inherit;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }

.icon-help:before {
  content: "";
  font-family: FontAwesome;
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal;
  text-decoration: inherit;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }

.icon-close:before, .navmenu .close:before {
  content: "⨉"; }

.icon-tag:before {
  content: "";
  font-family: FontAwesome;
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal;
  text-decoration: inherit;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }

/* ==== banner ================ */
#banner {
  border-right: 30px solid #ef5ba1;
  display: grid;
  background-color: #070D4A;
  background-position: left 60px top;
  height: 100px;
  font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif;
  color: white;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 2fr 60px;
  grid-template-areas: "lg sh nb" "tm tm .";
  grid-template-rows: 1fr 1.5em; }
  #banner .search {
    grid-area: sh;
    text-align: right;
    padding-top: 10px;
    padding-right: 30px; }
    #banner .search .button {
      cursor: pointer;
      background-color: transparent;
      color: white;
      width: 24px;
      font-size: 100%;
      border: none; }
      #banner .search .button:before {
        content: "";
        font-family: FontAwesome;
        font-weight: normal;
        font-style: normal;
        text-decoration: inherit;
        -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
    #banner .search input.field {
      width: 15em; }
  #banner .name-logo {
    grid-area: lg;
    padding-left: 10px; }
  #banner .navmenu-button {
    grid-area: nb;
    font-size: 36px;
    padding-right: 5px; }
  #banner .icon:hover {
    text-decoration: none; }
  #banner a:hover {
    color: #ef5ba1; }
  #banner .top-menu {
    font-family: Lora, serif;
    grid-area: tm;
    text-align: right;
    font-size: 16px; }
    #banner .top-menu ul {
      float: right;
      list-style-image: none;
      list-style-position: outside;
      list-style-type: none;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0; }
    #banner .top-menu ul li {
      float: left;
      padding-right: 18px; }
  @media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
    #banner {
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 60px;
      grid-template-areas: "lg nb"; }
      #banner .search, #banner .top-menu {
        display: none; } }
/* ................................................................ */
/* ==== footer ================ */
#page-footer {
  font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif;
  border-right: 30px solid #ef5ba1;
  position: relative;
  background-color: #070D4A;
  color: white;
  min-height: 80px; }
  #page-footer a {
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none; }
  #page-footer div.copyright {
    display: block;
    font-size: 80%;
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 5px;
    left: 5px; }
    #page-footer div.copyright a:hover {
      padding-top: 5px;
      color: #ef5ba1;
      text-decoration: underline; }
  @media screen and (min-width: 600px) {
    #page-footer {
      min-height: 60px; }
      #page-footer div.copyright {
        left: auto;
        right: 60px; } }
  #page-footer .tw-logo {
    position: absolute;
    left: 5px;
    top: 15px; }
    #page-footer .tw-logo img {
      width: 200px; }
  #page-footer .menu-button {
    position: absolute;
    right: 30px;
    top: 5px;
    font-size: 200%; }

/* ................................................................ */
.navmenu {
  border-right: 30px solid #ef5ba1;
  padding: 5px;
  color: white;
  background-color: #070D4A;
  font-size: 16px;
  font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif;
  line-height: 36px; }
  .navmenu .nav-head {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 3fr 1fr;
    grid-template-areas: ".  sh  cl"; }
  .navmenu .nav-body {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 3fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
    grid-template-areas: "tp ab ct fd  tw"; }
  .navmenu h2 {
    column-span: all;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-size: 14px; }
  .navmenu .search {
    grid-area: sh; }
  .navmenu .closediv {
    grid-area: cl;
    text-align: right; }
  .navmenu .topics {
    grid-area: tp;
    column-count: 2; }
    .navmenu .topics p {
      font-family: Lora, serif; }
  .navmenu .about {
    grid-area: ab; }
  .navmenu .content {
    grid-area: ct; }
  .navmenu .tw {
    grid-area: tw; }
  .navmenu .feeds {
    grid-area: fd; }
  .navmenu a:hover {
    color: #ef5ba1; }
  .navmenu .search {
    display: block; }
    .navmenu .search .button {
      cursor: pointer;
      background-color: transparent;
      color: white;
      width: 24px;
      font-size: 100%;
      border: none; }
      .navmenu .search .button:before {
        content: "";
        font-family: FontAwesome;
        font-weight: normal;
        font-style: normal;
        text-decoration: inherit;
        -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
    .navmenu .search input.field {
      width: 10em; }
  .navmenu .close {
    color: white;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding-right: 0.5em; }
    .navmenu .close:hover {
      color: #ef5ba1; }
  .navmenu .icon-close, .navmenu .close {
    font-size: 200%; }
  @media screen and (min-width: 600px) {
    .navmenu .search {
      display: none; } }
  @media screen and (max-width: 800px) {
    .navmenu .nav-head {
      grid-template-areas: "sh  sh  cl"; }
    .navmenu .nav-body {
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
      grid-template-areas: "sh cl" "tp tp" "ab ct" "fd  tw"; } }
/* ==== framing ================ */
main, #banner, #page-footer, .navmenu {
  margin-left: 5px;
  margin-right: 5px;
  max-width: 960px; }
  @media screen and (min-width: 750px) {
    main, #banner, #page-footer, .navmenu {
      margin-left: 20px; } }
main {
  background-color: white;
  min-height: 500px;
  margin-bottom: 1em; }
  main::after {
    clear: both;
    content: "";
    display: block; }

#top-navmenu {
  display: none; }

#bottom-navmenu {
  display: block; }

.navmenu-button {
  cursor: pointer; }

/* ................................................................ */
main {
  /* prose mixin */
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #303633;
  font-family: Lora, serif; }
  @media (max-width: 599px) {
    main {
      font-size: 19px; } }
  main h1, main h2, main h3, main h4, main h5 {
    font-weight: bold; }
  main h1 {
    font-size: 200%; }
  main h2 {
    font-size: 150%; }
  main h3 {
    font-size: 120%; }
  main p, main h1, main h2, main h3, main h4, main h5 ul {
    margin: 1em 0; }
  main a {
    border-bottom: thin solid;
    padding-bottom: 1px; }
  main a:hover {
    text-decoration: none; }
  main .img-link a, main a.img-link {
    border-bottom: none; }
  main a.img {
    border-bottom: none;
    padding-bottom: 0; }
  main dd {
    margin-left: 2em; }
  main ul {
    list-style: square;
    margin-left: 1.5em; }
  main ol {
    list-style: decimal;
    margin-left: 1.5em; }
  main pre {
    font-size: 90%;
    font-family: Inconsolata, monospace; }
  main code {
    font-family: Inconsolata, monospace; }
  main span.credit {
    color: #808080;
    font-size: 80%; }
  main hr {
    border: none;
    display: block;
    background-color: #070D4A;
    height: 3px;
    border-right: 3px solid #ef5ba1;
    content: "";
    margin: 10px 15px; }
  main blockquote {
    /* margin-left: 3em; */
    border-left: 2px solid #0f1872;
    padding-left: 1em;
    font-style: italic;
    margin-left: 2em; }
  main .row {
    display: grid;
    column-gap: 2em; }
  main h1 {
    font-size: 300%; }
  main h2 {
    font-size: 200%; }
  main .lede {
    display: grid;
    column-gap: 2em;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 8em;
    column-gap: 8em; }
    @media (max-width: 599px) {
      main .lede {
        grid-template-columns: auto; } }
    main .lede .main {
      font-size: 120%; }
    main .lede .author {
      margin-top: 2em;
      font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif;
      font-weight: bold; }
    main .lede .explain {
      font-style: italic;
      font-size: 80%; }
  main .synopsis p {
    width: 45em;
    max-width: 100%; }
  main hr.sep {
    display: block;
    background-color: #070D4A;
    height: 10px;
    border-right: 10px solid #ef5ba1;
    content: "";
    margin: 10em 15em 5em 15em; }
    @media (max-width: 599px) {
      main hr.sep {
        margin: 5em; } }
  main .author a {
    border: none; }
    main .author a:hover {
      text-decoration: underline; }
  main .author img {
    display: none; }
  main .card-box {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(18em, 1fr));
    column-gap: 2em;
    row-gap: 3em;
    margin-top: 3em; }

main .def {
  color: #ef5ba1;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 20em 1fr;
  column-gap: 2em;
  max-width: 50em; }
  @media (max-width: 599px) {
    main .def {
      display: block; } }
  main .def i {
    font-weight: bold; }
  main .def .left {
    padding-top: 0.5em;
    font-size: 200%;
    margin-top: 1em;
    text-align: right; }
    @media (max-width: 599px) {
      main .def .left {
        text-align: left; } }
  main .def .right {
    font-size: 150%;
    list-style: none;
    margin: 1em; }

main .contrasts {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  column-gap: 2em;
  row-gap: 3em; }
  @media (max-width: 599px) {
    main .contrasts {
      display: block; } }
main .fluency > div {
  display: grid;
  margin: 5em;
  column-gap: 4em;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
  grid-template-areas: "im ab" "im mt"; }
  @media (max-width: 599px) {
    main .fluency > div {
      display: block;
      margin-left: 0;
      margin-right: 0; } }
  main .fluency > div h3 {
    display: none; }
  main .fluency > div .abstract {
    grid-area: ab; }
  main .fluency > div .meta {
    grid-area: mt; }
  main .fluency > div .card-image {
    grid-area: im; }
  @media (min-width: 600px) {
    main .fluency > div:before {
      display: none; } }
main .self-test img {
  padding: 0 6em; }

main .article-card.refact h2 {
  display: none; }

main .attribution {
  font-size: 80%;
  opacity: 0.8; }

main .picture-credit {
  font-size: 80%; }

main .tag-list {
  color: #808c85; }
